Gas-Cooled High-Temperature Pebble-Bed Reactor Reference Plant Model

Authorship:

Mustafa Jaradat: neutronics model development and Multiphysics analysis (INL).
Sebastian Schunert: conceptual development, code development, thermal fluids model development (INL).
Javier Ortensi: conceptual development, cross sections, Principal Investigator (INL).

Design Description

The HTR-PM design is based on the combined experience from the German pebble-bed reactor program from the 1960s through the 1990s and the HTR-10 experience in China (Zhang et al., 2016). The HTR-PM is 250 MWth reactor with the main characteristics include a cylindrical pebble-bed region surrounded by radial, lower, and upper reflectors made of graphite, and it is cooled through gas forced convection. The radial reflector includes various orifices for the control rod channels, Kleine Absorber Kugel Systeme (KLAK) channels (shutdown system), and fluid riser channels. This benchmark studies the HTR-PM core in equilibrium conditions and in depressurized loss of forced cooling (DLOFC) transient. The benchmark problem uses information available on the open literature to develop an equilibrium model of the HTR-PM by depleting fresh core and considering Pebble loading and unloading from the core (Reitsma et al., 2013).

The HTR-PM core specifications are as follows:

Parameter	Value
Core power MWth	250.00
Core inlet temperature K	523.15
Core outlet temperature K	1023.15
Core outlet pressure MPa	7.0
Pebble-bed radius m	1.50
Pebble-bed height m	11.00
Reflector outer radius m	2.50
Control rods channels	24
Reactivity Shutdown Channels	4
Barrel outer radius m	2.69
Bypass outer radius m	1.69
Vessel outer radius m	3.00
Number of pebbles	419,384 (420,000)
Pebble types	1 pebble type
Pebble packing fraction (average)	0.61
Average number of passes	15
Average pebble residence time days	70.5

The HTR-PM pebble specifications are as follows:

Parameter	Value
Fueled region radius cm	2.5
Shell layer thickness cm	0.5
Pebble diameter cm	6.0
Heavy metal loading per pebble g	6.95
Number of particles per pebble	11,668
Particle packing $var element = document.getElementById("moose-equation-bd3ac3fc-37e3-493d-92c3-9d85cca7caa6");katex.render("\\%", element, {displayMode:false,throwOnError:false});$	7.034
Discharge burnup MWd/kg, J/m3	90, 4.82 $var element = document.getElementById("moose-equation-c4d81771-6041-43bf-a71a-cd7eaddb488a");katex.render("\\times 10^{14}", element, {displayMode:false,throwOnError:false});$

The HTR-PM TRISO particle specifications are as follows

Parameter	Value
Fuel kernel radius cm	0.025
Buffer outer radius cm	0.034
IPyC outer radius cm	0.038
SiC outer radius cm	0.0415
OPyC outer radius cm	0.0455
Particle diameter cm	0.091
Fuel type	UO2
Fuel enrichment	8.6 $var element = document.getElementById("moose-equation-5aa76478-9009-4905-9ebc-8ee08694ed03");katex.render("\\%", element, {displayMode:false,throwOnError:false});$
Fuel kernel density kg/m3	10,400
Buffer graphite density kg/m3	1,100
IPyC, OPyC graphite density kg/m3	1,900
SiC density kg/m3	3,180

The benchmark model is composed of four elements. These are:

Griffin neutronics model
Griffin depletion model
Pronghorn thermal-hydraulics model
Pebble and TRISO temperature model

References

Frederik Reitsma, Kostadin Ivanov, Enrico Sartori, Hyun Chul Lee, Antti Daavittila, Jaakko Leppanen, Enrico Girardi, Maurice Grimod, Oliver Koeberl, Simone Massara, and others. Pbmr coupled neutronics/thermal-hydraulics transient benchmark. the pbmr-400 core design-volume 1 the benchmark definition. 2013.

BibTeX

@article{reitsma2013pbmr,
    author = "Reitsma, Frederik and Ivanov, Kostadin and Sartori, Enrico and Lee, Hyun Chul and Daavittila, Antti and Leppanen, Jaakko and Girardi, Enrico and Grimod, Maurice and Koeberl, Oliver and Massara, Simone and others",
    title = "PBMR Coupled Neutronics/Thermal-hydraulics Transient Benchmark. The PBMR-400 Core Design-Volume 1 The Benchmark Definition",
    year = "2013",
    journal = ""
}

RIS

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Reitsma, Frederik
AU  - Ivanov, Kostadin
AU  - Sartori, Enrico
AU  - Lee, Hyun Chul
AU  - Daavittila, Antti
AU  - Leppanen, Jaakko
AU  - Girardi, Enrico
AU  - Grimod, Maurice
AU  - Koeberl, Oliver
AU  - Massara, Simone
AU  - others
TI  - PBMR Coupled Neutronics/Thermal-hydraulics Transient Benchmark. The PBMR-400 Core Design-Volume 1 The Benchmark Definition
JO  - 
PY  - 2013
ER  -

Plain Text

Frederik Reitsma, Kostadin Ivanov, Enrico Sartori, Hyun Chul Lee, Antti Daavittila, Jaakko Leppanen, Enrico Girardi, Maurice Grimod, Oliver Koeberl, Simone Massara, and others. Pbmr coupled neutronics/thermal-hydraulics transient benchmark. the pbmr-400 core design-volume 1 the benchmark definition. 2013.

Zuoyi Zhang, Yujie Dong, Fu Li, Zhengming Zhang, Haitao Wang, Xiaojin Huang, Hong Li, Bing Liu, Xinxin Wu, Hong Wang, and others. The shandong shidao bay 200 mwe high-temperature gas-cooled reactor pebble-bed module (htr-pm) demonstration power plant: an engineering and technological innovation. Engineering, 2(1):112–118, 2016.

BibTeX

@article{zhang2016shandong,
    author = "Zhang, Zuoyi and Dong, Yujie and Li, Fu and Zhang, Zhengming and Wang, Haitao and Huang, Xiaojin and Li, Hong and Liu, Bing and Wu, Xinxin and Wang, Hong and others",
    title = "The Shandong Shidao Bay 200 MWe high-temperature gas-cooled reactor pebble-bed module (HTR-PM) demonstration power plant: an engineering and technological innovation",
    journal = "Engineering",
    volume = "2",
    number = "1",
    pages = "112--118",
    year = "2016",
    publisher = "Elsevier"
}

RIS

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhang, Zuoyi
AU  - Dong, Yujie
AU  - Li, Fu
AU  - Zhang, Zhengming
AU  - Wang, Haitao
AU  - Huang, Xiaojin
AU  - Li, Hong
AU  - Liu, Bing
AU  - Wu, Xinxin
AU  - Wang, Hong
AU  - others
TI  - The Shandong Shidao Bay 200 MWe high-temperature gas-cooled reactor pebble-bed module (HTR-PM) demonstration power plant: an engineering and technological innovation
JO  - Engineering
PY  - 2016
VL  - 2
IS  - 1
PB  - Elsevier
SP  - 112
EP  - 118
ER  -

Plain Text

Zuoyi Zhang, Yujie Dong, Fu Li, Zhengming Zhang, Haitao Wang, Xiaojin Huang, Hong Li, Bing Liu, Xinxin Wu, Hong Wang, and others. The shandong shidao bay 200 mwe high-temperature gas-cooled reactor pebble-bed module (htr-pm) demonstration power plant: an engineering and technological innovation. Engineering, 2(1):112–118, 2016.

References